Tesco rises while Asda falls

It was another stunning 12 weeks from Tesco. It upped its market share yet again to 30.6%, from 28.7% a year ago. The renaissance at Sainsbury’s seems to continue, with its share jumping 0.3% to 15.9%. Asda continues to fall - but only slightly, losing 0.3% falling to a 15.5% share. Finally, maybe, the decline at Morrison is easing. Now that the Safeway disposals have ceased, the overall Morrisons share is starting to stabilise - the year-on-year decline of 8% is the lowest seen for a year and the share of 11.3% is largely unchanged for the last 5 periods

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2005 - The year in focus

As this is our last issue for two weeks we thought now would be a good time for a summary of what was big, what was disappointing what was significant in 2005.

And we would like to confess to a little disappointment. Some of the big technology stories we reported in 2004 have not yet materialised into cold products.

WiMAX promises to change the world of mobile telephony, bringing VoIP to mobile phones and representing a massive threat to the business models of the giant wireless operators. And yet, to slightly misquote HG Wells from the War of the Worlds, “analysts are carrying on as if the next few years will be just like any other period.”

Then there’s the Cell chip. Developed by IBM, Toshiba and Sony this chip is supposed to represent an acceleration of Moore’s Law, which says processors double in speed every 18 months or so. But the first mass consumer product to contain this wonder chip, the Sony PlayStation 3, will not be launched until next year.

Finally, there appears to have been little to report on the next standard of DVD. The war between Sony and allies Versus Toshiba and chums, would appear to be no closer to a solution.

The sexy techs had another year of raunchy good results: Google and Yahoo with their key word sponsorship, Apple with its little music player.

But technology saw its most interesting developments in convergence.

Perhaps the eBay purchase of Skype was the most important corporate purchase of the year. Internet TV, video iPods, and now, TV for Mobile phones made the headlines.

BSkyB bought Easynet, NTL wants to buy Virgin Mobile, Cable and Wireless has its ultra fast broadband, and BT is quietly beavering away.

2006 could be a big year for the former state monopoly with its mobile dual phone, which combines traditional mobile technology with WiMAX, and its move into TV.

Maybe some of the world’s richest companies could learn a lesson or two from BT. It has faced up to a massive challenge and embraced it. Unfortunately, if the WTO talks are anything to go by, the same cannot be said of most of the EU countries, and perhaps US. Rather than seeing the rise of the Chinese dragon as an opportunity, many want to hide behind subsidies and tariffs. While in the US, China and its policy of letting the yuan shadow the dollar seems to be getting the blame for just about all of Uncle Sam’s ills. Although no one has yet suggested China was to blame for the hurricanes.

In fairness, the UK would appear to be just about the most outward looking member of the G8. And certainly cannot be blamed for the shameful Common Agriculture Policy, as it vainly tries to use the carrot of reducing its rebate to see reforms to that anachronism of the post war. Not that the US, with its cotton subsidies, and food aid - criticised because the aid provides a boost to US farmers at the expense of farmers in the developing world, is any better.

Talking of China, the consumers from behind the Great Wall were blamed for the high price of oil, which, it is argued, poses the single biggest threat to inflation. But they are wrong to say this of course. The Chinese economy is booming and consuming lots of oil because the world is buying its cheap goods. Cheap Chinese goods are perhaps the single biggest reason why inflation is so modest and interest rates consequently so low.

The UK property market saw the much heralded soft landing, and many argue that this proves there will never be a crash. We have warned that average house prices in proportion to average wage will remain well above historical average for many years. And for as long as this is the case the property market is vulnerable. So many factors, including China moving up the value chain, leading to more expensive products; Sterling crashing, thanks to the massive UK balance of payments deficit at a time when we are running out of oil, a crash in the dollar; all could change the economic environment, and house prices will then go south faster than a swallow in winter.

The UK sneezed this year. Whether it was down to higher interest rates, higher taxes, or simply because the UK consumer has borrowed too much depends on your point of view. It appears next year will see falls in the UK rate of interest, which in turn will lead to an improvement in the outlook. But whether this proves temporary remains to be seen. The EU seems mired in economic backward thinking, and trade with our cousins across the channel is unlikely to come to our aid. And with Gordon’s golden rule, either broken or close to it, government spending is no longer there as an option.

When Gordon came to his throne at number 10 (no typo- he does live at number 10, because the Blair’s with their family needed the extra space number 11 afforded) he made the Bank of England independent. Now he plans to make the Office of National Statistics independent, but others want to see an independent body for quantifying the golden rule.

The Golden rule is of course Gordon’s own baby. It would be a strange quirk of fate indeed, if this proved to be his undoing.
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Finally, no doubt with Band Aid getting it usual share of radio play this festive season, just r/emember, “there won’t be snow in Africa this Christmas.” Bob Geldof, Gordon Brown, Bono and Tony Blair, fought a good fight. But the concessions won in the summer must be backed up. Allowing developing co/untries access to markets un-tampered by government regulation is the best thing we can do to help relieve global poverty. And frankly, the signs from the WTO and EU are not good.

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US sees monthly fall in CPI index, yet inflation fears grow

On the face of it that doesn’t make sense. Deflation was back last month, with the US CPI index reducing by 0.6%, and yet, inflation fears are growing.

The explanation: it lies in the difference between the headline index, and the index analysts believe has more relevance, which strips out volatile food and energy costs.

The US CPI index without volatile food and energy costs rose 0.2%, just like it did in October, which itself saw the biggest monthly rise since March. What does this mean for US interest rates? Actually very little. There’s an 18 month time lag between inflation and a change in interest rates. So all that the current level of underlying US CPI inflation means is that the Fed was right to up rates last year.

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Is the High Street back? Christmas sales surge, but e-high street does better

The season of goodwill brings with it some Christmas cheer for retail.

The latest report from the Office of National Statistics revealed a 1% jump in retails sales during the three months to November, and that was the best performance since August 2004.

It would appear the cold weather has helped. Some time ago John Lewis was making all kind of bullish noises, simply because the ‘brrrrrr’ factor was leading to more sales. But, the promise seems to have been fulfilled, and earlier this week, the retailer said sales at its 27 Department stores were up 8.5% so far, and the week to Dec 10 saw a 7.1% rise on last year.

The ONS reported increase, and the anecdotal evidence contrasts with the doom and gloom findings of the CBI’s distributive trades survey and findings from Deloitte. Last month, Deloitte interviewed 1,000 adults in East Anglia and found the average adult expects to spend 3% less on Christmas presents this year, with an average spend of £266. Deloitte extrapolated the results to UK wide, and said this Christmas would see a fall from £15.1bn spent on presents last year to just £14.7bn this.

Conversely, reports from the British Retail Consortium and the Consumer Confidence Index from Nationwide have suggesting a recovery is on the way

But while there is some room for optimism that the High Street is making a recovery, the Retail Highway of cyberspace is enjoying another year of bumper growth.

According to IMRG, Internet shopping is growing at its fastest rate for 22 months, as millions more shoppers migrate online to buy their Christmas goods. The IMRG Index recorded that November’s UK internet sales exceeded £2 billion in one month for the first time ever, a staggering 50% higher than was reported for the same month last year, then an all-time high. Apparently, November’s annual growth rate is more than double the 22% recorded a year ago, and the fastest increase for the month since November 2002, when shoppers spent just £864 million online.

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VNU up for sale

Publishing company VNU, owner of Computing and Accountancy age, and market research firm AC Nielsen could be changing hands. Yesterday in a statement it was said it had received, “expressions of interest from various parties regarding a possible acquisition of the company.

VNU boss chief executive Rob Van den Bergh is leaving soon. He was the brainchild behind the company’s abortive attempt to buy US medical information company IMS Health. Shareholders didn’t like the idea, the bid was dropped and Mr Van den Bergh announced his intention to leave soon after.

Possible bidders for VNU include Sir Martin Sorrell’s ad agency WPP and business publisher Reed Elsevier.

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Unemployment rises

UK Unemployment is up and in some quarters that is being heralded as good news. According to the Office of National Statistics there has been a 72,000 rise in the number of people out work, to 1.49million in October, that’s 4.9%, from 4.7% a month ago.

Some are seeing this as good news because the poor employment figures have helped keep a lid on pay settlements.

Average earnings (excluding bonuses), or regular pay rose by 3.9 per cent in the year to October 2005, this was down from 4.0 per cent in September, and the first time growth excluding bonuses has been below 4 per cent since March 2004.

Including bonuses, average earnings rose by 3.6 per cent in the year to October, down from 4.1 per cent in September.

With figures like that, it would appear inflation pressures are easing, and therefore, goes the argument, the Bank of England is that much more likely to lower the rate of interest soon.

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Uncle Sam: Could GDP contract this quarter?

Could US growth be heading for negative territory? If it did then all the predictions of this year would be confounded, but some analysts now fear that this is precisely what may happen, thanks to a sharp rise in the US balance of trade deficit.

We can think of only one phrase to describe the latest US Balance of Payments figures, “Oh Dear.”

In October, the US trade deficit hit a new record high of $68.9bn from $66.0bn the previous month.

And analysts had expected an improvement. Last month, the poor figures were put down to the strike at Boeing; but with this at an end, production back on track. Aircraft exports surged 173%, the pundits were betting on an improvement. Instead, thanks to a massive surge in petroleum imports, 304bn barrels worth £26.1bn were imported, compared to 278bn barrels in September, things just got worse.

In total crude oil imports surged $3bn, and that was despite a fall in the price of oil in the month.

Capital Economics said of the figures: “If the real trade deficit were to remain at the same level for the remaining two months of the current quarter, we calculate that net external trade would reduce overall GDP growth by roughly 1.5% annualised.” The respected economic think tank added, “Admittedly, the real trade deficit is more likely to fall back over the remainder of the quarter and consumption growth may well turn out to be even stronger with gasoline prices falling, but a decline in GDP is now a serious possibility.”

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Vikings land for cup of coffee

Baugur, the Icelandic group which already owns Hamleys, Oasis, Jane Norman, the Karen Millen fashion chain and jeweller Goldsmiths is now moving in on the tea and coffee market.

It’s buying up 121 year old Whittard of Chelsea, which has 120 outlets across the UK.

Actually, it’s the dried fruit and nut business, Julian Graves, which has 260 shops across the UK, which is doing the deal, but then Baugur has a majority stake in the company.

Whittard may have a history going back to the time of Queen Victoria, but it has not been immune from the High street slump. It has suffered at the hands of cheaper less upmarket outlets, and so when the Baugur ship appeared on the horizon, instead of rushing for shelter, its board welcomed the company.

Richard Rose, chairman of Whittard, said, “This is an opportunity for shareholders to realise their investment in cash at a time when market sentiment towards smaller retail companies is increasingly negative and when the current retail trading environment shows no indication of a short-term recovery.”

Baugur boss Jon Asgeir Johannesson had a run in with Icelandic authorities earlier this year, when charges of fraud were made. But once Mr Johannesson was able to show that he had refunded the company the cost of the hot dog and burger he had bought with a corporate credit card, the charges were dropped. But in the intervening time, Baugur lost out on being a part of the consortium which eventually snapped up Somerfield. See Investment and Business News 12 September.

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Internet shopping and advertising - the convergence. GUS moves in on price comparison portal

Not so long ago, investors and the City were questioning the business models of dot.coms. When a service is free, how can you make money from it? Advertising, of course went some way to explaining this,’‘but it is no panacea’ went the argument. And when the dot.com bubble burst many said that it merely represented a return of realism.

But in truth, it was the cynics who weren’t being realistic. The importance of Internet advertising has been completely underestimated. Many investors and analysts have failed to realise the significance of the convergence between advertising and shopping which is occurring right in front of our eyes.

Increasingly, the boundaries between shopping and advertising are blurring. Google Key Words is popular as it is an incredibly focused way of connecting shoppers with the right merchant.

The three Ps of retail are famous: position, position and position. And retailers will pay premium rent for the right location. But for a net retailer, position on portals and search engines is the key. And that can only be guaranteed by advertising.

For an online retailer then, advertising has replaced High Street Rent in the balance sheet.

That’s why we believe Internet advertising has a lot more growth left in it. Indeed ultimately, Internet advertising, because of the way it converges with shopping, could be greater than the entire advertising industry today.

Take as an example price comparison site PriceGrabber. Visit the site, select the type of product you are after, and the technology does the hard work for you, finding you the best quotes and pointing you to the right web site.

How does PriceGrabber make money? Answer: from advertising - and by taking a commission from each web site it introduces a visitor to, which in our books is actually just another form of advertising.

In the US PriceGrabber is number three in the price comparison market, and it’s growing fast, it has enjoyed an 87% rise visitor numbers over last year, and expects total sales this year to come in at $60mn, yielding a profit of $25mn.

And with a figure like that, UK group GUS, which owns Argus, Homebase, and credit reference company Experian, found its eyes out on storks, and just could not resist.

It’s splashing out $485mn, or £270mn. That represents a forward pe ratio of just under 20, but with the US shopping comparison market expected to grow by around 40% a year for the next five years, no doubt GUS believes it’s cheap at half the price.

The US shopping comparison market would appear to have just completed a round of musical chairs. In August Ebay bought the market leader, Shopping.com for $620m, while more recently, US publisher EW Scripps forked out $525mn for the number two, Shopzilla.com.

PriceGrabber will be linked closely with Experian, maybe swallowed up completely. And Experian its self is expected to be de-merged from GUS early nest year.

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Vodafone in Turkish delight

Turkey wants to join the EU club, but not all of its members want it. The more open the country is to foreign business, and the more willing it is to sell state assets to overseas companies, then the better its chances of being allowed in. Therefore, the move announced by Vodafone yesterday, to buy Turkey’s second biggest mobile phone network provider, Telsim for $4.5bn, has added significance. The company has nine million customers, giving it 25% of the Turkish market, but the business is growing fast, having put on 2.8million in its last financial year - ended June. But the move will cost Vodafone more than just the purchase price. The world’s number one wireless operator has said that it will need to invest $1bn in upgrading the Telsim network.

Vodafone chief executive, Arun Sarin said, “With a larger population than every European country except Germany, and a penetration level of approximately 53%, the Turkish market represents a major growth opportunity.”

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