September financial services market overview

The near collapse of the global banking system in September left financial advisers stunned as they tried to come to terms with the implications of recent events for their businesses and clients.

UK and global insurers revealed over £1.5bn of exposure to Lehman Brothers and insurer AIG, with Axa, Aegon and Aviva declaring exposure to both, while Friends Provident, Zurich Financial and Royal Liver confirmed exposure to Lehman Brothers only.
 
IFAs scrambled to assess the potential losses for clients’ capital invested in structured products underwritten by Lehman Brothers, such as those offered by Meteor, Arc, NDF and DRI.

The takeover of HBOS by Lloyds TSB raised the prospect of a new super bank controlling 28 per cent of the UK mortgage market, leading to adviser concerns over competition and cuts in
procuration fees. 

Advisers also wondered about the future of Swip and Insight’s multi-manager propositions and the new bank’s plans for the protection market, when the two banks merge with an 18 per cent share of the life insurance market once the Scottish Widows, Clerical Medical and Halifax Life brands are all under one roof.

The Investment Management Association issued a warning about the lack of transparency and performance information on retail structured products and the FSA was severely criticised for allowing structured products to go unregulated.

On the Retail Distribution Review front, Financial Services Consumer Panel chairman, Lord Lipsey, said he thought the FSA would seek a middle way on the strict division of sales and advice set out in the interim RDR report.

Simply Biz chairman, Ken Davy, called for the RDR to allow advisers to have the choice of gaining a diploma or equivalent qualification within six years or working under the supervision of a qualified adviser.

A mandatory deadline for higher qualification in the final RDR report would force 10- 30 per cent of IFAs out of the industry, Davy said.
 
But the Personal Finance Society said the number of advisers who hold the chartered financial planner qualification had leapt by 50 per cent in the last 12 months.  The Society also established a group of pensions experts to lobby HMRC for greater clarity on QROPs regulations.

Advisers welcomed the FSA’s decision to investigate absolute return funds with regard to their development, risk management and Treating Customers Fairly, while IFA firm, Hargreaves Lansdown, said it did not think the FSA’s ban on the short selling of 32 financial stocks until 16 January 2009 would adversely affect these funds. 

Elsewhere, APCIMs attacked the FSA for failing to do an adequate cost-benefits analysis of its TCF requirements.

Meanwhile, the Lib Dems at their party conference vowed to tackle the disincentives to save via personal accounts, axe higher rate relief on pensions, urge the FSA to fund a system of generic advice via an industry levy and endorsed equity release as a way of boosting pensioner incomes.

Pensions Minister Mike O’Brien said the Government would report on the effect of means-testing in December and dismissed the ‘wild claims’ that had been made about the number of people likely to be affected.

Meanwhile, research by Fidelity revealed startling differences on the returns of mainstream funds over a five year period, depending on the fund wrapper used. Highest returns were from collective funds, followed by offshore and onshore bonds due to the CGT changes effective since April 2008 which make collective funds more tax efficient for most investors.

The Irish Government’s decision to guarantee the retail deposits held by six of  Ireland’s largest financial institutions ratcheted up the pressure on the UK Government to do likewise.

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Is there anywhere safe to deposit one’s cash?

With hardly a day passing without a bank collapsing or needing to be rescued, you could be forgiven for wondering whether there are any financial institutions left where you can safely deposit your hard earned cash.

If you want a copper-bottomed guarantee of security, there isn’t much to beat National Savings & Investments (NS&I)  www.nsandi.com/which offers a range of taxable, tax-free and index-linked certificates and premium bonds.

It does not offer a traditional bank-type account with cheque book but its Easy Access savings account provides a cash card which can be used to withdraw money at ATMs.

Northern Rock savings accounts (http://www.northernrock.co.uk)  are also guaranteed by the Government, at least  until further notice, so you could put your money with it for the time being until it is sold off or wound up.

A third option is certain Irish banks and building societies following the Irish government’s announcement that it will guarantee the safety of all deposits in six of its principal savings institutions.

The latter are the Bank of Ireland, Allied Irish Bank (AIB), Anglo Irish Bank (AIB) and two building societies -  the Educational and the Irish Nationwide. The sixth is Irish Life and Permanent, Ireland’s largest life insurance company.
 
The guarantee lasts for the next two years and AIB, Anglo Irish Bank and the Bank of Ireland all have branches in the UK.

The announcement by the Irish Department of Finance appears to cover all depositors of these institutuions, even for those located outside Ireland.

Anglo Irish Bank has been actively seeking deposits from savers in England and Scotland for the last two years, with competitive rates of interest on its Easy Access, 7 Day account and nine month bond. It was adamant yesterday that the safety guarantee applied to all depositors, irrespective of their location.

Bank of Ireland has 46 branches in Northern Ireland and 11 offices in England and Scotland. It also runs the financial services division of the UK Post Office and has about 1.5m customers with deposit accounts through this brand.

Anglo Irish Bank has seven branches in England and Scotland, while Allied Irish Bank has 27 branches in England, Scotland and Wales and 47 in Northern Ireland.

Defaqto banking principal David Black, says:  “It’s a great move on the part of the Irish government to instill confidence. Anglo Irish Bank has had consistently competitive rates in recent years.” 

For top paying savings accounts visit:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/instant-access-accounts.aspx
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/notice-savings-accounts.aspx
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/regular-savings-accounts.aspx
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/childrens-

www.angloirishbank.co.uk
http://www.bank-of-ireland.co.uk/
http://www.aib.ie/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=AIB_Ireland/IHPHomepage

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What next for B&B savers and borrowers?

It is business as usual for depositors and other customers of Bradford & Bingley (B&B), who need have no concerns about the safety of their money.

That was the message from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) yesterday as it stepped in to help the 2.5m B&B customers  after the bank failed to meet its regulatory requirements and the FSA declared the bank in default. 

The FSCS is contributing some £14bn to enable retail deposits held in B&B, and which are covered by the compensation scheme, to be transferred to their new owner, Abbey, which in turn is owned by the Spanish bank, Banco Santander.

FSCS chief executive, Loretta Minghella, said: “This initiative means that some 2.5m people can rest assured that their money is safe and they will not lose it because of the problems at Bradford & Bingley. They can access their accounts in the normal way and it is business as usual for them.”

This effectively means that B&B depositors will have 100 per cent of their savings protected, because the FSA and FSCS have arranged for a smooth transfer of their accounts to Abbey.

Normally, when a UK authorised bank fails,  only the first £35,000 is covered by the FSCS.

So you should make sure you spread your money across different savings institutions (that are not all part of the same group) so that your money is protected.

For instance, if Banco Santander were now to fail and you had accounts with B&B, as well as with Abbey and Cahoot (all owned and authorised under the Banco Santander name), you would  only be covered for the first £35,000 of total savings held with these three brand names, not £35,000 for each.

For borrowers, although existing B&B mortgages will continue to run as they are for the time being, once a mortgage deal comes to an end, it is likely that you will be required to move elsewhere or pay the bank’s prevailing standard variable rate which will almost certainly be higher.

Those with buy-to-let mortgages may have difficulty re-mortgaging elsewhere as a large number of lenders have withdrawn from the market. For example, three lenders previously funded by the now defunct Lehmann Brothers have ceased lending.

For shareholders, the outlook is even worse. There is little prospect of them receiving anything and B&B staff with holdings  in the bank’s SAYE scheme and pension plan will be particularly hard hit.

All of which serves to prove the old maxim that you shouldn’t put all your eggs in one basket.

For more on the FSCS visit:
www.fscs.org.uk

For the top instant access savings accounts visit:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/instant-access-accounts.aspx
Top cash ISAs:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/cash-isas.aspx
Top term accounts
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/term-accounts.aspx
TOp notice accounts
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/notice-savings-accounts.aspx
TOp children’s savings accounts:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/childrens-accounts.aspx

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My cash machine nightmare

You think it will never happen to you, and then it does.

While withdrawing money from a cash machine a few weeks ago, a man approached me saying that it had just swallowed his card.

I told him to go away, thinking that he was going to grab the cash when it came out, but lo and behold, no cash was forthcoming and the machine refused to return my card.

Having waited a few minutes to see if machine might change its mind, I walked away thinking nothing of it.
 
On reporting the incident to my bank the next day, I was told that the card wasn’t in the machine and must have been stolen - probably by the man who had approached me and who had got my PIN by shoulder surfing when he spoke to me.

To my horror, he had swiped a cool £1,000 from my account in the space of a few hours - £600 in cash and £400 in shop purchases.

APACS, the UK payment association says that £35m was lost through cash machine fraud in 200.

Sandra Quinn of  APACS, says: “The three principal methods criminals use to steal cards and card details at cash machines are card-trapping devices, whereby the fraudster inserts a card catcher device into the card slot; skimming from the magnetic stripe at cash machines and shoulder-surfing, whereby the fraudster observes the cardholder inputting their PIN and then uses distraction techniques to steal the card.”
 
By UK fraud standards, my experience was small beer. I know people who have had their entire identity stolen and had mortgages, personal loans and credit cards taken out in their name for months before they have even become aware of it.

Trying to unravel that sort of  fraud is a nightmare and can take months, if not years, to sort out.

In my own case, I had to make numerous calls to the bank’s call centre, just to report the loss of the card. I then had to visit my branch, complete two forms (one of which I had to wait to come in the post). Having done all that, I am still awaiting a refund.

The upshot is that I won’t be withdrawing any money from street-side ATMs anymore. I’ll stick to the cash machines inside branches during banking hours.

For more on card protection and identity fraud:

http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/credit-cards/card-protection.aspx
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/credit-cards/guide-identity-theft-insurance.aspx

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Are our savings safe?

The shotgun takeover of HBOS by Lloyds TSB has sent shock waves throughout the nation as everyone worries about the fate of their savings and deposits.

 With 30m customers between them, there can’t be many adults in the UK who don’t have a financial relationship with one, or both, of these institutions.

While most people have welcomed the stability (albeit probably temporary) that this decisive move has provided, the question on everyone’s lips is: “Are my savings safe?”

The Government’s role in encouraging the takeover is a positive signal that it will stand behind the new merged institution, come what may.

After all, what Government wants to see millions of customers besieging Halifax branches for the return of £260bn in retail deposits? It doesn’t bear thinking about.

That said, cash deposits are only protected up to £35,000 under the Financial Services Compensation Scheme and then only  “per authorised institution,” not “per account.”

This situation was already unsatisfactory, even before the takeover of HBOS by Lloyds TSB because it already owns a whole slew of brands which all come under  one FSA authorisation. 

These include Halifax, Birmingham Midshires, Saga, Intelligent Finance, Saga and the AA.

This means that if you have savings with any of these institutions, the maximum you could claim in the event of their demise would be £35,000 in total, not £35,000 per brand.

Elsewhere, Lloyds TSB and Cheltenham are jointly authorised, as are First Direct and HSBC, Yorkshire and Clydesdale banks, Abbey and Cahoot, Bank of Ireland and the Post Office, the Co-op and Smile.

The exceptions are Royal Bank of Scotland which is separately authorised from Nat West, and Abbey which is independent of Cater Allen, its private bank.

So not much comfort if you have large deposits with most of these banks.

Defaqto banking consultant, David Black, recommends that savers limit their deposits to around £33,000 per authorised institution 
because the FSCS will pay interest up to the date of closure.

If you want to check out the authorisation status of a financial insitution, visit:

http://www.fsa.gov.uk/register/home.do

Check out the best instant access accounts:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/instant-access-accounts.aspx
Best regular savings rates:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/regular-savings-accounts.aspx

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Structured products not all they’re cracked up to be

Structured products have been heavily promoted in recent years as a way of protecting your capital against heavy stockmarket falls.

Often referred to as ‘guaranteed equity bonds’ or GEBs, structured products  claim to provide a return related to growth in the stockmarket and a guarantee against losing your original investment.

But research by the Investment Management Association shows that many of these claims should be taken with a pinch of salt because GEB providers are not required to report on stockmarket performance, making it hard to assess the accuracy of the claims they make about their products.

National Savings & Investments (NS&I), one of the few providers which does disclose such information,  has launched five GEBs  over the last two years.

The IMA compared the performance of NS&I’s five GEBs with that of a FTSE 100  index tracker,  against which the GEBs are benchmarked.

It found that if you had bought the index tracker, your return would have been around 3.5 per cent higher than the average return from NS&I’s GEBs, net of charges.

IMA chief executive, Richard Saunders, says: “While GEBs offer a guarantee against the index falling over a five year period, that is a relatively unusual event.

“The index has seen significant falls since 2000, but it is currently around 30 per cent higher than its level in 2003.  Before 2002, the last time it was down over five years was in 1978. Investors may not realise just how much return they are giving up in order to be protected against what is a rare event.”

The last few years have seen considerable volatility in the stockmarket and the FTSE 100 is currently below its level in 1998. But risk can be managed and the key to achieving this is through diversification, both over asset classes and over time.

A portfolio invested across all 30 IMA fund sectors would have produced an average return of 5.2 per cent over the last 10 years, beating inflation and the risk free return (from Government index linked bonds).

Diversification over time can be achieved by investing on a regular monthly basis which enables you to benefit from the effect of ‘pound cost averaging.’ 

The latter is the mechanisim whereby if you invest on a monthly basis, you will buy more units on the dips and fewer shares on the highs, smoothing out investment risk over the long term.

Defaqto wealth management principal, David Abbis, says:”No investor wants to receive less back than the amount invested, but few wish to pay for a guarantee. Careful planning for a medium to long term investment with regular monitoring of funds can produce a reasonable return at minimal additional cost.”

Visit the Defaqto Best Buy tables (click on any of the unit trust sectors on left hand side):
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/investments/unit-trust-sectors.aspx

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Mortgage rates falling despite interest rates being kept on hold

The Bank of England’s decision to keep base rate on hold at 5 per cent was no surprise to anyone.

Caught between a rock and a hard place, the BoE had to balance the need to contain inflation with the clamour from businesses and consumers for lower rates to boost the economy and rekindle the mortgage market.
On the one hand, the recent sharp fall in the oil price increases the chance of the next move being downwards, on the other,  inflation will probably increase for another couple of months before peaking at around 5 per cent.

But despite rates being held, mortgage rates are falling. Swap rates (the rate at which banks lend to each other for a year or longer) have continued to decline over the last month, as expectations of the scale and speed of Bank of England  base rate cuts have increased. 

Ray Boulger of mortage brokers, John Charcol, says: “Two year swaps are over 1.2 per cent down from their June peak of 5.28 per cent. 

“As a result, lenders have continued to cut the cost of fixed rate mortgages, with the cuts now also being extended to 90 per cent  loan-to-value (LTV) mortgages as well as more aggressive cuts for rates on  up to 75 per cent LTV loans. 

“A modest fall in the 3 month Libor rate, to 5.74 per cent, coupled with an increased level of competition in the market, has even resulted in some lenders cutting the margin charged over base rate on some of their tracker mortgages.”

Boulger says that even though base rate is expected to fall significantly over the next year, it is still too soon to buy a fixed rate mortgage and continues to recommend trackers. 

However, for those borrowers who want, or need, the security of a fixed rate, the good news is that the best fixed rates have now fallen to a similar level to the initial rates charged on the best trackers, and in some cases even a little lower.

Meanwhile, savings rates continue to be extremely competitive with many banks and building societies paying 1.5 per cent or more over the 5 per cent base rate.

For instance, Icelandic Bank Kauphting Edge continues to offer savers a rate guarantee of at least 0.3 per cent above base rate until 2012, and is currently paying 6.55 per cent gross AER on its instant access account and 6.97 per cent AER on its 6 month term account.

But Defaqto banking principal, David Black warns: “Longer term fixed rates are reducing and a handful of banks have reduced their variable savings rates recently.”

For more on mortgages rates, visit Defaqto’s unique mortgage search tool:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/mortgages.aspx

For more on instant access savings rates:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/instant-access-accounts.aspx

For more on term account rates:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/term-accounts.aspx
   

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OFT brands overdraft charges unfair

The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) has written to the main UK retail banks stating that their overdraft charges are ‘probably unfair,’ as part of  its ongoing investigation into default charges.

In April , the High Court ruled that the OFT had the right to scrutinise the fairness of banks’ current account charges, following claims by hundreds of thousands of disgruntled bank customers that they had been charged excessive amounts for going into the red.

Many of these claims ended up in the small claims courts, triggering chaos because each case had to be judged on its own merits as county court judgements do not set a precedent.

The OFT says it has written to all the banks whose charges it has been investigating in order to start a dialogue and to ascertain which issues may need to be resolved in court.

Pending the outcome of the OFT’s legal challenge, all pending bank charge complaints have been put on hold and customers can expect years of legal wrangling because four more High Court decisions are yet to come.

These include a High Court  ruling, which is expected soon, as to whether the OFT can also investigate the fairness of overdraft charges levied by banks in the past and whether these were unfair penalties under common law and under the 1999 Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts regulations.

The banks, meanwhile, are to appeal in October against the OFT’s initial High Court victory in April and in late 2008 or earl 2009, a High Court hearing is expected to consider whether bank overdraft charges are unfair.

An earlier investigation by the OFT into bank accounts generally found that overdraft charges generated an income for the banks of £2.6bn a year.

In the meantime, if you are fed up with your bank, switching accounts has never been easier. For details on the deadlines which banks must adhere to when you ask to switch banks,  see page 11 of the banking code:
http://www.bankingcode.org.uk/pdfdocs/PERSONAL_CODE_2008.PDF

To compare accounts, visit Defaqto’s unique Compare Tool:
http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/current-accounts/compare-current-accounts.aspx

Kauphting Edge’s online account is currently paying 6.55 per cent AER:
http://www.kaupthingedge.co.uk/

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Adviser news round up - August 2008

Adviser news round up

Personal accounts dominated the news in August as the Government announced that its research into the effect of means testing on personal accounts showed that individuals with less than 20 years until retirement in 2012 and earning up to £25,000, will see hardly any benefit from personal accounts.

Individuals in these circumstances would see returns of between only 1-3 per cent greater than if they did not save in the scheme. Someone on £10,000 a year, after 20 years of auto-enrolment in a personal account, paying 4 per cent of earnings each month, would be only £2 better off a week, according to the DWP figures.

Industry experts seized on the figures as proof that low earners in this position would be better off saving in an ISA, savings gateway or simply paying off debt rather than being automatically opted into Government’s new flagship scheme which is due to start in 2012.

Scottish Life, head of pensions, Steve Bee said that improving the basic state pension would be a far more cost efficient way of achieving a decent replacement rate of 84 per cent, than personal accounts which might provide a replacement rate of 92 per cent, but at a cost of savings over 40 years.

Standard Life’s John Lawson attacked the DWP for abandoning its discussions with pension providers about an acceptable quality test for existing pension schemes in 2012, but a spokesperson for Aegon insisted that the talks were ongoing.

The solution put forward by a number of trade bodies, including the Association of British Insurers, would have allowed employers to certify that the majority of their employees would be as well, or better off, under their existing pension arrangements than they would be in personal accounts.

Such a test would allow schemes to continue using their existing definitions of pensionable earnings and would only require companies to review their pension arrangements against personal accounts every three years.

Failure to agree would mean that employers would have to measure contributions to their existing schemes against what would be required under personal accounts, and in the event of a shortfall, reconcile any differences through top-up payments.

There was also concern over the future of Qrops in the wake of HMRC striking off three Singaporean Qrops from its permitted list and some expatriate advisers warned of a potential mis-selling scandal.

Elsewhere, the FSA is to delay publication of its feedback report on the RDR discussion paper until November 2008 (previously due in October) to allow its recently appointed MD of retail markets, Jon Pain, to settle into his new role.

Following the upsurge in cases of mortgage fraud, the FSA said it is considering regulating every individual mortgage broker and making all IFAs giving mortgage advice subject a separate approved person status for mortgages.

The extra cost of bank regulation in the wake of the Northern Rock debacle means that the FSA might exceed its budget this year and the industry could face fee rises in 2009 and 2010.

The ‘treating customers fairly’ regime came under attack from Nick Prettejohn, chairman of the Financial Services Practitioner Panel, who said it was taking up too much of the FSA’s resources.

Elsewhere, a Standard Life survey showed that nearly 70 per cent of advisers believe they can achieve a diploma standard qualification within three years and 83 per cent within five years.

In a sign that investors are diversifying their investments, the IMA said nearly half of total net return fund sales in Q2 2008 were attributable to fund of funds, while tracker funds saw a net outflow of £700,000.

Norwich Union said it is looking to enter the variable annuity market, following similar announcements from AXA and Standard Life.

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Societies face new round of carpet bagging

A KPMG report published last week  predicted that the building society sector could be due for another round of carpet bagging, as societies are forced to merge due to financial and regulatory pressures. The UK’s 58 building societies have withstood the credit crunch relatively  well compared to their banking counterparts,  although a few, such as Derbyshire and Cheshire, have experienced problems with commercial loans or on sub prime lending.  

But times are tough and some societies are having difficulty competing with the banks on mortgage rates because of their reliance on retail deposits for the bulk of their funding, which could become vulnerable in the event of a prolonged economic downturn. 

Nationwide recently announced it intends to set up a Dublin operation so that it can tap the European Central Bank for additional funds.  New capital requirements under Basel II regulations will also add to the pressure on societies. 

KPMG financial services partner, Richard Gabbertas, reckons that these pressures will force a number of the societies to merge with their larger peers, such as Nationwide, triggering cash windfalls for the members of the societies being taken over. 

The latest such windfall is going to the members of the Catholic building society who are set to receive a yet unstated cash payment following its takeover by Chelsea earlier this year. Anyone who remembers the building society demutualisation bonanza in the 1990s may want to cash in by opening accounts with a range of societies which they think are likely to be taken over. 

But experts says the payouts for carpetbaggers this time round are likely to be in the low hundreds and many societies now insist that you assign any windfalls triggered by a demutalisation to a charitable foundation for the first five years of membership, although this does not apply to merger bonuses. 

Defaqto banking principal, David Black, says: “It is likely to be the smaller societies which are forced to merger because of regulatory and succession issues. However, some regional societies restrict membership to local residents and some require higher minimum deposits of a £1,000 or more.” Many societies are currently offering  high rates of interest on regular savings accounts.

For details, visit:http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/regular-savings-accounts.aspx

For more the top instant access savings accounts visit:

http://www.defaqto.com/consumer/savings-accounts/instant-access-accounts.aspx

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